特集：土木工学と生態学の壁はとりのぞかれたか？
Feature: The wall between civil engineering and ecology has been removed?
総説　REVIEW

応用生態工学が担ってきた研究領域と未知の領域
─現状認識と新たな視点の発掘をめざして─

中村　太士

北海道大学大学院農学研究院　森林管理保全学野　〒060-8589　札幌市北区北９西９

Futoshi NAKAMURA: Scope and knowledge gap of ecology and civil engineering─Present situation and future dimensions─. Ecol. Civil Eng. 10(1), 47-58, 2007.

Department of Forest Science, Graduate school of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan

Abstract:The majority of published papers in ECE were relating to aquatic ecosystems and written by university and/or institute members. Other fields such as terrestrial or coastal ecosystems should be more focused, and consultant and government employee should be encouraged to submit their case studies. As a philosophy and a target of ECE, interdependence between ecology and civil engineering, holistic view of environment, target for restoration, and ecological health were discussed. At investigation and planning stage, life history trait, habitat condition, disturbance, material cycle, interactions between organisms were examined. The focus should be given to the key habitat corresponding to the key life-stage such as reproduction stage. IBI, RHS and habitat evaluation by GIS were introduced and other multivariate statistical analyses were employed. I believe that evaluation of ecosystem health in a broad scale is an important theme to build effective conservation or restoration plan. At the implementation stage, I doubt the necessity to draw the detail design of engineering structures, rather I feel it produce great mischief. Design with nature or passive restoration should be the first priority. The studies on this stage were very few, probably because evaluation of engineering works was not planned before implementation, and evaluation has not been fulfilled. Thus, at monitoring and evaluation stage, Before-After-(Reference)-Control-Impact design were recommended, and critical lines to refine or improve management plan and engineering works should be presented before implementation.

Key words:ecosystem management, habitat, monitoring, restoration, river environment

* e-mail: nakaf@for.agr.hokudai.ac.jp